Towneley Cycle Story of Noah and Gill Essay Example for Free

Towneley Cycle Story of Noah and Gill Essay The Towneley cycle is a story line made in the seventeenth centaury with dramatists who communicated a lot of scorn against. Contempt was the significant topic put forwad by the dramatists. Male predominance, is another component of the Towneley cycle as the as this accounts depicted the male as other-worldly portrayals of people whose lone serious issue were their wife’s who needed to completely rely upon their direction. Settings The play Noah and Gill is delineating the age before Christ set in the period where the male were depicted as radiant and sacred. the span where secularism was viewed as messy and the ladies were considered to must be heavily influenced by men Characters Noah who is a godly man hitched to Gill. Noah continually whines about his significant other and in the play he is depicted as blessed. Second character in the play is Gill who plays Noah spouse as annoying lady, who continually making pressure her significant other and a similar time appears to be irritable. Plot advancement The story begins between two wedded accomplices Noah and Gill the plot creates from an old Christian conventional lifestyle. Encircled by both the conventional and bibilical fantasies, the play holds a solid fascination in the connection with the lifestyle in the seventeenth century. To build up the story line the writer obtains from new fields for the most part the topics communicating detest against ladies and the minor conventional lifestyle which are dealt with significantly in the age before Christ (B. C) Symbolism There is a great deal of utilization of imagery in the story cycles as the ladies are utilized as that characteristic of shortcoming that continually pulls down the male in the general public while the male represents the celestial mainstay of the general public. The male likewise represent authority that must be trailed by the female in the general public in order to keep the equalization in the general public. Mix of the above styles makes the accompanying When this components are utilized in mix with one another we see the advancement of a storyline which represents a blend of the period Before Christ and the period during the seventeenth century denoting a mix of two human advancements an antiquated and a cutting edge age development as the settings of its event and the character introduction which shows impression of the seventeenth century thinking. Parts of the seventeenth century reflected by the story are the delineations on how ladies were glanced downward on in the seventeenth century and the disdain that was mated on ladies by the. The garments utilized in the play additionally shows the stamped contrast in the conviction framework which the play is set up as it connects with the seventeenth century lifestyle not the first Before Christ would set A great story done in the settings of the mid seventeenth centaury at the skirt of a move to mainstream acting from the more moderate Christian story line, represented in the Towneley cycle: Noah and Gill in the subsequent shepherds play delineates ladies as holy people which different perusers have depicted to outline ladies adversely yet without articulation of twofold measures in your perusing it is discovered that ladies are not communicated as contrarily as men in the story (Dane, 2000). In this play critical consideration has not been paid to other ladies characters that show up in the cycle as they are significant in the comprehension of ladies the vital women’s job in the plays. for instance the ladies who have been for all intents and purposes disregarded in the creation of the cycle incorporate Mary Magdalene and even virgin Mary. The play compose purposefully presents this ladies as wenches for instance as opposed to picking models in the sacred texts the dramatist decides to utilize anecdotal characters as on account of Noah’s spouse and Gill where Gill is his own creation (Grafstein, 2002). Contempt of ladies in the way of life in those occasions is shown by the negative translation of the ladies characters. Through an as of late completed exploration it has been demonstrated that the situation of the ladies was not as terrible as the sexism has persuade . As the ladies who communicated extraordinary disdain for ladies passed up be best opportunities to picture ladies contrarily. Rather than utilizing Sarah in the play Abraham and Isaac to depict keeps an eye on disobedience to God as started from the lady jeering as well as could be expected have been delineated by Miriam rewarding Moses with derisive dismissal (Kolberg, 2004). It’s additionally observed that regardless of the ladies of those occasions were mistreated they had a more prominent control of their lives than the ladies of the seventeenth century when this plays were composed. The play perceives the sneering lessons as Noah gripes of his better half and the general idea of ladies. During the initial 66% of the play the subject is brought together on Noah’s spouse absence of regard for power, this portrays her in contrast with the idea of the fallen edges and as materialistic and common. In the play Noah is introduced other-worldly family head that needs to hold up under with a distressing spouse, who is essentially another showcase of a lady requiring the bearing of the male. Ladies are additionally delineated humorously and more contrarily than men. The author concocted ladies in these accounts to show that ladies were peons according to God Reference Dane W. (2000) Collections Of the16th and 17 centurybest Stories Chicago: American Library Association Grafstein, Ann. (2002). Towneley Cycle Story: Noah and Gill. Mcgrawhill: New York. Diminish ,Kolberg (2004) Towneley Cycle Story of Noah and Gill : Foundation hotel the abstract aptitudes Longman distributers (2) 22-27

Deduction vs. Induction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Conclusion versus Acceptance - Essay Example Then again, an inductive contention is a contention where the premises are required to help the end to such an extent that if the premises were to be valid (which is a suspicion of the arguer), it is just unrealistic that the end could be bogus all things considered. In this manner, rather than there being a fundamental association among premises and end, as there is on account of the deductive contention, the association among premises and end in the inductive contention is probabilistic. In the model given, it is workable for the end to be bogus, regardless of whether every one of the three of the premises are valid. At the end of the day, it is workable for a contention that needs deductive legitimacy to be inductively substantial. For example, maybe Newton lost his preference for tea in the wake of being hit on the head with an apple, which, as indicated by the story, he was drinking on that event. Albeit inductive derivations might be questionable, they are plausible. That is, it is entirely plausible that Isaac Newton enjoyed tea. Notwithstanding, it isn't sure based exclusively from the proof given in P1-P3. In addition, in contrast to deductive contentions, inductive derivations give us more data than what is contained in the premises. Cautious utilization of inductive contentions is essential for any field of research outside of those that depend on fundamental realities and suppositions. In the contention given, both of the premises are valid. Thusly, it is basically unrealistic for the end to be bogus. On the off chance that the deductive contention has every obvious reason, and a bogus end, at that point a blunder has been made and the contention needs deductive legitimacy. On the other hand, one can't acknowledge reality of the premises without tolerating reality of the end. The connection between the premises and the induction is that the end can't be bogus if the premises are valid. Regardless of whether the premises may not really be valid, the connection between the premises and the end doesn't change, and regardless of whether the proof for the

Firestick Farming Essay Example for Free

Firestick Farming Essay What is Fire stick cultivating? Fire stick cultivating is the customary way Aboriginal individuals cared for the land and made fire breaks to guarantee huge damaging summer fires were not a risk. Correspondence Fire was a type of correspondence. At the point when water supplies were running low one of the men would make a trip to where they knew the following wellspring of water would be. On his way there he would take a fire stick and consume little fixes of grass as he went. On the off chance that the waterhole had adequate water, he would develop a store grass, wood, a couple of green leaves and branches. At the point when he lit it the thick smoke would flag the family that the time had come to move camp to this new area. They could without much of a stretch follow the newly worn out pathway to the waterhole. Chasing Fire was a significant with chasing yet was once in a while used to really murder creatures legitimately. Rather, zones were determined to fire so as to guide creatures to where they could be effectively executed. Fire was additionally be utilized to clear creatures out of caverns and tree trunks. After the fire would draw in creatures back to the zone, by and by giving simple chasing. In various pieces of Australia distinctive fire systems were utilized and adjusted to neighborhood needs Land Management Aboriginal individuals consume the land in the cool months when there are foreboding shadows. Fire was, and in some put despite everything is, utilized to ‘clean up’ the nation. The men sorted out consumed patches giving the scene a course of action example of various matured grasses. Fix consuming made great natural surroundings for little game warm blooded animals, for example, Bilbies and Mala. They shielded in the old grasses and took care of the new grasses. Fire stick cultivating is the customary way Aboriginal individuals took care of the land and made fire breaks to guarantee enormous damaging summer fires were not a risk. With the land consumed, new development was advanced and before long turned out to be bounty, nourishment could be assembled for a while after a fire.

Engineering Essay Samples Ideas

Engineering Essay Samples Ideas If you don't know Calculus then there is absolutely no hope for you in the subject of Engineering. So deciding to go for a career in civil engineering isn't depending on the money. In the discipline of civil engineering computer program application is getting more important, famous and productive. Combine selected major with vital difficulties and solutions in the industry of engineering. Calculus is a rather important part of Engineering in general. Introduction Civil Engineering is most likely the earliest engineering discipline. Science is, in addition, the 2nd big half in becoming an engineer. New Ideas Into Engineering Essay Samples Never Before Revealed For that reason, it's important to consider the structural and financial efficiency of a specific bridge. A bridge has to be designed to meet up with the set specifications for the security of its users. As an outcome, the number of changes might fall or increase over a concise period of time. Make certain you include enough detail so the reader can reproduce the experiments in their very own lab. Composite also decrease the quantity of fasteners used. When it has to do with providing energy for the full planet, engineers are using nature to fulfill the requirements of today and tomorrow. A computer-based design is a simpler method of solving very complicated technological issues. The Argument About Engineering Essay Samples Alumina is the principal constituent of clay. Currently a days engineer prefers composite material rather than steel because composite materials are usually stronger, lighter and a whole lot more resistant to extreme temperature. The Battle Over Engineering Essay Samples and How to Win It You should have attention to detail whilst simultaneously understanding the larger picture. This part will make it possible for you to provide brief background information to create your readers fully comprehend the objectives of your work. The reader might not be acquainted with the manner in which you have presented your information, so ensure you include detai led captions. Your readers have to be informed with how you have shown your details, so informative captions are required. The New Angle On Engineering Essay Samples Just Released At a business level, it is simpler to assign a share of the profit to a salesman because he's contributed to a particular amount of turnover. 1 reason why I decided to turn into a mechanical engineer is to be my own boss later on. You do not understand that those jobs are for the select few folks who possess the smarts or are born into a certain kind of family to attain that sort of job. Despite how the work of the engineer has become more and more difficult, the image and recognition of the engineer for the remaining portion of the society has declined over recent years. When you build a productive advertising slogan it offers an accurate picture of what your company is about and the slogan becomes a valuable part of your brand. Becoming an engineer is quite challenging, considering all the various stages one must go through. Advertising and Marketing has an important function in creating a brand. What's more, there are stringent measures to guarantee plagiarism isn't tolerated and all essays meet the compulsory minimum. There are a few useful strategies for writing an essay. Composing the abstract region of the paper is quite important to comprehend how to compose a civil engineering essaythat mandates an accurate overview of your writing. Knowing the subsequent cv samples. The degree takes four decades of full-time study to realize. The Cornell personal rating accounts for achievements in the selection of fields. The fulfillment differs. Even in the event you don't have experience with engineering, you can secure an expert aid in making your essay.

Causes And Effect Of Allergies And Asthma - 3783 Words

Allergies and asthma are an everyday part of living for many people. Some of these people must avoid eating seafood, others are intolerant of ragweed, and still others might be forced to boycott the zoo because their allergies relate to animals. Animal allergies are no more or less common knowledge than seasonal pollen allergies, but they do sometimes cause a greater change in the behavior of those who suffer the effects. So why are people allergic to animals that they’ve shared the planet with for generations upon generations? And furthermore, if people have allergic responses to some animals, why do they still choose to keep certain ones as house pets? The goal of this paper is to provide an evolutionary perspective on this matter and to determine a cause that is supported by scientific data. To understand allergies, an important process is the production and effect of immunoglobulins in the bloodstream. Immunoglobulin E or IgE is an antibody. IgE is responsible for the st art signal of an allergic reaction (Nesse, 161). Like other antibodies, T and B cells in the bloodstream first recognize foreign pathogens and then lead to the production of antibodies with specific membrane-bound proteins or receptors that can identify and attack this pathogen. However, the reason that IgE leads to all of the various symptoms of an allergic reaction has not yet been definitively determined, though theories have been proposed (Nesse, 161). Allergies are not an all-encompassingShow MoreRelatedChildhood Allergies: Symptoms and Treatments 773 Words   |  4 PagesChildhood Allergies: Symptoms and Treatments Childhood allergy is an exaggerated reaction by the immune system in response to certain foreign substances. These foreign objects may not be really harmful thus it is called an exaggerated response. In an attempt to protect the body, the immune system produce antibodies called immunoglobulin that causes the mast cells and allergy cells to release chemicals, including histamine resulting in allergic reactions. In most people, allergies appear duringRead MoreEssay about Asthma1648 Words   |  7 PagesAsthma Breathing is a vital process for every human. Normal breathing is practically effortless for most people, but those with asthma face a great challenge. During an asthma attack, breathing is hampered, making it difficult or even impossible for air to flow through the lungs. Asthma is an increasingly common problem, and has become the most common chronic childhood disease. At least 17 million Americans suffer from it(1), and although it can be fatal, it is usually not that severe(4)Read MoreCorrelation between Asthma and Anxiety1019 Words   |  4 PagesWhen Stress levels begin to raise other anything such as bills, work or traffic, Asthma symptoms can instantly kick in. Asthma and anxiety can make a vicious circle, and one that can spiral downward quickly. Firstly stress and anxiety can cause physiological changes that could provoke an attack to occur. These emotions trigger the release of chemicals, such as leukotrienes and histamine, which cause the narrowing of the airway. D uring this horrific period of stress and anxiety, it can get into theRead MoreSymptoms of an Asthma: How Can You Tell If You have Asthma?961 Words   |  4 PagesThe word Asthma, in its original Greek form (á ¼â€¦ÃÆ'ÃŽ ¸ÃŽ ¼ÃŽ ±, or à ¡sthma) (akin to aà ¡zein) means â€Å"panting† or â€Å"to breath hard†. Panting and heavy breathing are common visible symptoms of an individual who has Asthma. â€Å"Asthma is fairly common, and can be described as chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, characterized by variable and recurring symptoms, reversible airflow obstruction and bronchospasm† (NHLBI, 2007). 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The inflammation caused by asthma educes difficulty breathing, wheezing, chest tightness, and coughing. Asthma cannot be cured, and the true cause of asthma is unknown. Most of the population that is diagnosed with asthma finds some wayRead MoreThe Disease of Asthma Essay1388 Words   |  6 Pages Asthma is a lung disease that affects approximately ten million people in the United States. (Cramer 2) In people with asthma, the airways of the lungs are hypersensitive to irritants such as cigarette smoke or allergens. When these irritants are inhaled, the airways react by constricting, or narrowing. Some people with asthma have only mild, intermittent symptoms that can be controlled without drugs. In others, the symptoms are chronic, severe, and sometime life threatening. Although researchersRead MoreHcs 245 Week 41110 Words   |  5 PagesAsthma Misty Kroenke November 29, 2010 HCS245 Timothy Coleman Asthma is a widespread disease that affects many cultures and has no boundaries. It does not care about country, race, religion or sex. Asthma can affect anyone and can develop at an early age or later in life. People who have asthma the airways in the lungs narrow and swell. They produce extra mucus and breathing becomes difficult. Some common signs and symptoms of asthma are coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath. AsthmaRead MoreTaking a Look at Asthma1312 Words   |  5 PagesSymptoms Having Asthma can affect a person in a number of ways. The physical symptoms can range from the occasional cough all the way to life-threatening cases which are not being able to breathe. The seriousness and frequency of asthma symptoms is all dependant on how well the individual can control their Asthma. There are three symptoms of Asthma, the first being airway obstruction. Allergic substances and environmental triggers make a chain of muscle surrounding the airways tighten, and air cannotRead MoreChildhood Asthma And Its Relations1655 Words   |  7 PagesChildhood Asthma and its Relations to Traffic Related Air Pollutants 2. Introduction (300 word to 350 words) 359 Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that is not to be underestimated; it affects approximately 12.1% of children in the United States (English et al. 2006). Asthma is particularly concerning and threatening to children for multiple reasons, one being the anatomy of children. Asthma has no cure however there are some ways to treat asthma. If gone untreated, asthma could be deadly

Essay On Sabbatical Leave - 787 Words

I am in writing to apply for a sabbatical leave in an academic year of 18 ~ 19. Twelve years have passed incredibly quickly since starting to teach in the Department of Furniture Design at Rhode Island School of Design. What a rewarding and learning experience. Through the early years of teaching experience, it became clear that I am a type of an artist that requires centralization on one thing, at a time, either devoting to students and its surrounding community or studio practice of my own, in order to lead a favorable result. For that reason, in the past ten years, I divide a year in two; the fall for teaching and the rest of a year for producing my work. This cycle has been working out efficiently to develop my career, as well as†¦show more content†¦At this point, there is no such concrete project plan in mind. On the account, I would like to spend a good chunk of time for experimentation and making models as many as possible. The exploratory activity is essential to the way I approach to generate ideas and to design, seeing that will give rise to more potentials and probe problems at the early stages. Some work and some do not. Therefore, my goal is to reach a stage of an idea and fabrication methods finalized for more than a few projects first, then to start creating and completing work that succeeds to an exhibition within a year or two after the sabbatical leave. Alongside studio work, I would like to develop my writing skill as well as documenting my artwork. Making An artwork book of my own would be a sufficient means to accomplish both. Since making a book is an unfamiliar territory for me, I am pondering an idea of working with two artist friends, a book designer and a writing professional. 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The point is made humorously when she gives a short and glib response to an essay question on Peer Gynt: Do it on the radio So, Frank teaches her that to pass her exam she must suppress or abandon her uniqueness and approach textual analysis with cool and objective critical skill. Just as Rita conformed to expectations atRead MoreEssay on Philosophy and Multiculturalism: Searle, Rorty, and Taylor3034 Words   |  13 Pagesthe public debate on multiculturalism in spite of the important philosophical issues at stake. Notable exceptions are John Searle and Charles Taylor, who address the philosophical implications of the controversy over the curriculum in several recent essays. (1) Taylor defends multicultural education as a moral imperative of one branch of the liberal tradition, while Searle argues that a victory for multiculturalism would mean the destruction of the Western intellectual heritage. This paper will examineRead MoreHuman Resource Management Project3711 Words   |  15 Pagesfor paid maternity leave and paternity leave under the law which is referred as the Maternity Benefit Act, 1961 under which pregnant women can take paid leave up to 14 weeks, first seven weeks before delivery and other seven weeks after delivery and the maximum payment is $441.6 per wee k before tax. They also have satellite offices for new mothers, telecommuting for employees on need basis, adoption leave, flexible work hours, part-time work policy, one-year childcare sabbatical policy and near-siteRead More J.M. Coetzee’s Disgrace: Post-Apartheid South Africa Essays2784 Words   |  12 Pagesnot. He views himself as a learned sexual conquistador, according to the schema of social mores his behavior is viewed as deviant. When he is exiled for his deviant behavior, he pretends as if a sabbatical to churn out his opera. Upon refusing to admit and repent, he resigns from his position and leaves Capetown to stay with his daughter Lucy in her smallholding in the Eastern Cape. Young Lucy a farmer lives on her own, with her dogs and takes care of her farm with the help of Petrus, an olderRead MoreHuman Resource Management : An Organization3527 Words   |  15 Pagesincrement in human resource supply. 2 transfer of personnel affects in other unit and so difficult also one of the major cause in increasing supply. 3 individuals returning from long leaves can also make increase in human resource. E.g maternity leaves, military services. It’s easy to estimate because that type of leaves for fixed period. But worse arises when the period exceeds not from the cause of organization. In that type of case organization cannot fire the employee under the law. 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For-information, address St. Martins Press, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010. www.stmartins.com Library of Congress Cataloging...in..Publication Data 65 successful Harvard Business -School application essays : with analysis by the staff of The Harbus, the Harvard Business School newspaperRead MoreCase Study of A Governing Board Considers Closure: A Narrative in Three Acts4311 Words   |  17 PagesA Governing Board Considers Closure This essay examines the management case A Governing Board Considers Closure: A Narrative in Three Acts and answers Questions for Discussion. Differences in Executive Director Management Styles and Their Unique Challenges Differences between the management styles of founding executive directors (ED) and managing executive directors exist because the two positions essentially have different job descriptions. Because the founding executive typically establishes

Business Commercial Transaction

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Commercial Transaction. Answer: Parties The assignment covers the business and commercial transactions in consideration to the Australian Consumer Law and Commercial Transactions. The concerned parties in the assignment are Fred, Southpac Bank, Freds parents, John and Abacus and Associates. Fred graduated in marketing subject and started his own advertising consultancy business that succeeded until two years. He wanted to expand the business after two years of success and approached John to prepare the business plan. John was a client manager in Abacus and Associates, an accounting practice firm. John service with the firm was under an agreement that the outside clients advice should be approved and signed by the partner of the firm. Other parties i.e. Southpac Bank and Freds parents are the parties provided loan to the Fred based on the business loan provided by John and his firm. Issues In the present situation, issue that have been observed are negligent misstatement made by John and his accounting firm, Abacus and associates, Liabilities of John and accounting firm towards the Southpac Bank and Freds parents for presenting the negligent misstatement. These issues have been raised because the business plan that was created by John in approval with Abacus and Associates did not contain true and complete information. The business plan did not contain the liabilities and obligations towards John and there was no identification of national competitor in the same business industry. Fred also discovered that the business plan prepared by John and his accounting firm had understated the cost of business setup. The same business plan had been forwarded to the Southpac Bank and Freds parents to borrow loan amount for the purpose of business development. Since both the parties i.e. Freds parents and Bank had approved and sanctioned loan to Fred for 5 years period, John and A bacus and Associates are liable to provide negligent misstatement. Due to such incorrect misstatement, Fred incurred losses and was unable to pay back to the Bank loan, his parents loan amount and lease rentals. Fred had to experience legal actions from the Bank and lessors who provided the place on lease because of the incorrect and negligent misstatement. Rules According to the section 18 (1) of Australian consumer Law, any statement provided by the parties to the business or agreement is deceptive, misleading or negligent is prohibited for the business consideration (Barker 2015). It states that any statement which have been either omitted or wrongly presented and that the presence of such statement provides material information to the parties would fall under the category of negligent misstatement. Further, negligent misstatement is an actionable claim under the common law that represents the intention of the provider of the statement is to deceive the receiver of the statement. In case the negligent misstatement is proved before the court, then the party can claim for the damage as per section 236 of Australian Consumer Law (Lasker, Klein and Barago 2015). Application Considering the rules and provisions on negligent misstatement and the present situation of the case, it has been analyzed that the business plan presented to Fred was contained with negligent misstatement. John and the accounting firm, Abacus and Associates willfully omitted the terms of Johns liability and deliberately understated the cost of business setup. Further, the parties also excluded to present the identification of a national competitor of Newtown in the same industry. According to the facts of the case, John was an old friend of Fred agreed to create business development plan for Fred and presented him after few days. However, John did not get the approval from his firms partner as per the employment terms and condition. On the other hand, John handed a letter to the Bank and Fred signed by the firms partner that mentioned the parties does not own any liability for the accuracy of the information. As a matter of fact, two situations arise in the present situation, one is the omission of important information and other is misleading information in the business plan. Another situation is the presentation of letter that stated the company has no liability on accuracy of the information. According to the case decision of Google Inc v ACCC, it had been concluded that the company was not involved in presenting the misleading information since it was lack of understanding at the readers part. On the contrary, it may be noted that the business plan provided by John did not contain the correct and complete information. Hence, it can be said that the there was negligent misstatement made by John to the defendant Fred. Further, as per the common law the superior party to the contract or action for providing misleading information of misstatement by the respondent also held liable. In the present case the misleading information had been given by John but his accounting firm Abacus and Associates also held liable. According to the employment terms and conditions, John did not get the business plan approved by the firms partner but the letter has been signed. Therefore, the firm and the partners are partly responsible for approving the letter without approving the business plan. Based on the case of Lister v Hesley Hall Ltd vicarious liability had been imposed on the employer for unlawful and illegitimate acts of the employees because of the employers superiority level and authorization rights. Mere presentation of the exclusion of liability in the letter does not waive the responsibility of the superior and contractor. In addition to this, approval of bank loan was also given by Southpac Bank on the basis of Freds application as well as the business plan. In this situation the signed letter mentioning the exclusion of liability of the contractor or party to the agreement cannot be regarded as clear evidence for stating all the required material and correct information. For any business transaction or business action significant documents like agreement between the parties, documents of business plan or any other specific documents are required. All such documents should be accurately and appropriately drafted with the approval of concerned parties. In case the documents are discretely drafted with the intention to deceive the respondent party then the creator of such documents would be held liable for negligent misstatement. Moreover, the misstated business plan prepared by John and his firm also deceived Freds parents as they provided loan to Fred $20,000 to be repaid in 5 years. However, the loan from parents was taken by Fred without letting John know therefore, it can be argued that John and his firm are not directly liable for misstatement. Besides, the firm Abacus can be held vicariously liable for representing misleading information in the business plan as well as approval of letter without approving the document of business development plan. In this situation, Johns liability to the parents can be excluded as decided in the case of Olley v. Marlborough Court Hotel (1949) based on the contract law. In case of presentation of misleading document to Freds Parents by one party i.e. John can be held for vicarious liability because the disclaimer made in the letter was not a part of the business plan and agreement. Likewise, Abacus and Associates is vicariously liable to the Southpac Bank because the disclaimer in the forwarded letter was not a part of the loan application disclosures and document of business plan. Apparently, it has been clarified in the legislation that the party to the contract or agreement is required to disclose all the necessary facts including the exclusion liability clause. However, in no case the party is allowed to present the misleading or inappropriate information with the intention to deceive the other party. Accordingly, John is responsible to present the correct and accurate information in the business plan since a mere disclaimer in the letter cannot exclude his liability. Conclusion Considering the facts and discussion on the present case, it can be concluded that John presented the negligent misstatement in business development plan whereas Abacus and Associates is vicarious liable for such misstatement. Mere presentation of exclusion of liability in the letter cannot waive the responsibility of presenting the appropriate and correct information in the business plan. Therefore, John and his accounting firm both are liable for representing negligent misstatement. Further, the misstated business plan was also presented to the Southpac Bank based on which the bank approved the loan to Fred. Therefore, John is directly liable to the Southpac bank whereas Abacus and Associates is indirectly liable to the bank being a superior respondent. On the contrary, Freds parents also provided loan amounted to $20,000 on the basis of the business development plan prepared by John and his firm. Although obtaining the loan from parents was not communicated to John, he is still in directly liable to present negligent misstatement. Since the plan was made under the authority of Johns accounting firm Abacus and Associates, the firm is also indirectly liable to represent negligent misstatement and providing misleading information. Declaration of exclusion of liability in the letter does not waive off the responsibility of John and Abacus to provide correct and appropriate information of the business development plan. Reference List Barker, K., 2015. Negligent Misstatement in Australia-Resolving the Uncertain Legacy of Esanda.Ch,13, pp.319-344. Lasker, E.G., Klein, S.A. and Barago, T.F., 2015. Taking the Product out of Product Liability: Litigation Risks and Business Implications of Innovator and Co-Promoter Liability.Def. Counsel J.,82, p.295. Battistella, C., De Toni, A.F. and Pillon, R., 2015. 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